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61.
《能源学会志》2020,93(6):2388-2398
This paper studied the effect of high temperature (up to 1873K) and separated combustion mode (volatile combustion and char combustion are separated) on SO2 release characteristics during pulverized coal combustion under O2/CO2 atmosphere. Coal combustion experiments were conducted at different combustion environment temperatures utilizing a high temperature fixed-bed setup. The results show that as temperature rises, the SO2 release curve is transformed from a single-peak process to a double-peak process. In separated combustion, temperature has little effect on the volatile-SO2 (SO2 released during volatile combustion) but brings about a significant effect on char-SO2 (SO2 released during char combustion). Char-SO2 release amount and the ratio of it to fuel-SO2 release amount (total SO2 released during coal combustion) increase with temperature rising. The increase of temperature leads to a dramatic decreasing of sulphur mass fixed in the ash and causes SO2 release amount to rise when temperature is lower than 1573 K. Separated combustion causes a higher SO2 release amount than coupled combustion (the same as conventional combustion, volatile combustion and char combustion are simultaneous). Thermochemistry equilibrium composition calculation results show that alkali metals and alkaline-earth metals are significant in sulphur retention. CaSO4 and Na2SO4 are the main sulphates at high temperatures. 相似文献
62.
采用显微组织分析和分子动力学模拟等方法研究了退火温度对0Cr25Al5热轧态盘条钢组织及性能的影响。结果发现,晶粒尺寸随温度的升高逐渐增加并趋于稳定,但是断后伸长率和断面收缩率在950 ℃突然大幅度下降。试样组织形貌在800 ℃和950 ℃退火温度下的OM及SEM分析结果未见明显差别。于是使用分子动力学模拟对0Cr25Al5钢三元体系的自由能进行了计算,发现随着B2结构的FeAl或者DO3结构的Fe3Al有序相尺寸的增大,系统自由能先减小后增大,其最小值随着退火温度的升高向有序相颗粒尺寸减小的方向移动。在1273 K的高温下仍然会保留60 nm左右大小的有序相颗粒。因此,推测0Cr25Al5钢在大于950 ℃的温度范围内韧性下降是由于60 nm左右的B2结构的FeAl或者DO3结构的Fe3Al有序相造成,与晶粒尺寸无关。因此,针对该钢种应进行低温退火促使基体组织回复以消除缺陷,从而抑制Fe、Al等基体原子的扩散。 相似文献
63.
针铁矿是分布广泛、储量丰富的铁氧化物,其主要成分为α-羟基氧化铁(α-FeOOH)。为了探究针铁矿在催化H2O2烟气脱硝反应中的性能,本文通过沉淀-水解法制备了α-FeOOH,并在自行搭建的实验台上开展了α-FeOOH催化H2O2的低温烟气脱硝实验研究,深入分析了H2O2流量、H2O2浓度、汽化温度、反应温度和共存气体浓度等工况参数对脱硝性能的影响。采用离子色谱(IC)分析了单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后的含氧酸成分,结合各项表征分析技术考察了催化剂反应前后的理化特性和稳定性。实验结果显示,随着汽化温度和反应温度的升高,NO的脱除效率先增加后降低;增加H2O2浓度对脱硝效率有明显的促进作用。当汽化温度为140℃、反应温度为160℃时,以2.5mL/h注入10mol/L的H2O2脱硝效率达到80%。当SO2浓度为1000μL/L时,脱硝效率提高至86.4%。离子色谱分析结果显示,单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后含氧酸产物为HNO3和H2SO4。反应前后催化剂的表征结果显示,α-FeOOH在脱硝反应后依然具有良好的稳定性,显示出针铁矿在低温烟气脱硝工艺中的潜在应用前景。 相似文献
64.
我国现阶段的配电网网架结构依然十分薄弱,智能化水平低,缺乏先进的检测技术和高效的运维模式。在现阶段低压电气信息不开源的情况下,为解决0.4 kV配网无差别运维效率低的问题,文章分析了适用于低压配网状态评估的评价维度,并基于负荷预测结果提出了低压台区低电压风险评估方法,引入了微增容量所引起的压降比,实现对低电压风险的定期管控。该文对于优化低压配电网运维资源配置、指导低压配网差异化运维模式的建立,以及提高低压配电网运维整治效率具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
65.
66.
Numerical simulation and experiments were introduced to develop AA4045/AA3003 cladding billets with different clad-ratios. The temperature fields, microstructures and mechanical properties near interface were investigated in detail. The results show that cladding billets with different clad-ratios were fabricated successfully. Si and Mn elements diffused across the bonding interface and formed diffusion layer. With the increase of clad-layer thickness, the interfacial region transforms from semisolid–solid state to liquid–solid state and the diffusion layer increased from 10 to 25 μm. The hardness at interface is higher than that of AA3003 side but lower than that of the other side. The bonding strength increased with the clad-layer thickness, attributing to solution strengthening due to elements diffusion. The cladding billets were extruded into clad pipe by indirect extrusion process after homogenization. The clad pipe remained the interfacial characteristics of as-cast cladding billet and the heredity of clad-ratio during deformation was testified. 相似文献
67.
Nilesh P. Vanikar Shantipal S. Ohol Saeede Goldar 《International Journal of Cast Metals Research》2018,31(4):249-259
Bottom pour ladles with stopper rod systems are commonly used in the metal casting industry. However, stopper rod bottom-pouring systems have not yet been developed for the lower thermal masses of alloys typically used in the investment casting industry. Large thermal masses used with bottom pour systems are typically limited for ladles larger than 700 kg and to certain alloys with higher fluidity and longer solidification time like cast iron, aluminum alloys etc. In this study, bottom pour ladle designs and low thermal mass refractory systems have been developed and evaluated in production investment foundry trials with 300 kg pouring ladle. The ladles system and pouring practices used will be described along with the results from the pouring trials for SS304 that represents typical alloys used in Investment casting industries. Optimization of the variables used in an experimentation using Genetic algorithm is also explained. 相似文献
68.
Changes of the cell surface hydrophobicity of Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 in response to pH,temperature and inulin 下载免费PDF全文
Antonio Bevilacqua Leonardo Petruzzi Barbara Speranza Daniela Campaniello Milena Sinigaglia Maria Rosaria Corbo 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2018,53(5):1262-1268
The main topic of this study was to study how cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) could change in response to pH, temperature and inulin; Lactobacillus acidophilus La‐5 was used as a model microorganism. pH, temperature, inulin and incubation time (exposure to prebiotic or incubation at pH 4.0 and 9.0) were combined through a full factorial design and a Central Composite Design; the results were analysed using a multifactorial anova (first step) and a stepwise regression (second step). Temperature and pH significantly affected CSH: an increase in the temperature determined a significant increase in CSH, whereas the correlation pH vs. CSH was negative, as an increase in pH caused a significant decrease in CSH. Inulin played a significant role, but its effect could be influenced by temperature, pH and exposure time. This study is the first approach on the effects of some environmental factors on CSH and suggests that the culturing conditions and/or the exposure to some prebiotics could modify it with positive or negative effects. 相似文献
69.
70.
由于命名数据网络(NDN,Named-Data Networking)无环路、逐包、逐跳转发的特点,使得数据包回传成功率降低,而传统的TCP/IP协议中的ARQ和ACK机制对于多播会话不再适用.由于NDN中的传输信道可以等效为二进制删除信道,因此可以通过应用层编码来实现文件的可靠传输.传统的信道编码技术如卷积码、级联码和RS码等复杂度较高,而将NDN与低复杂度的喷泉码的结合可以实现分布式的存储架构,因而可通过喷泉编码在应用层协议中实现可靠的纠删机制,保证整体文件的传输可靠性.以往的研究一般是基于确定的删除概率信道模型,但是由于网络的异构性和信道噪声等因素影响,可能会造成信道丢包概率呈随机性分布.因此,本文在Beta-Binomial分布模型的前提下,根据贝叶斯统计的先验信息和中心极限定理,对随机概率下的纠删信道的文件可靠传输协议进行了数学建模和理论推导.仿真结果显示此模型更具有普适性,此传输协议可在信道状况未知的前提下从理论上求出最小发包数,减少冗余编码包,提高文件整体的投递成功率,在保证传输可靠性的同时有效提升协议传输效率. 相似文献